Citadel of Qaitbay
This castle is located at the end of the Pharos maximum west of Alexandria. And constructed in place of the old Alexandria Mannar which demolishes the year 702 AH following the devastating earthquake that occurred in the reign of Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad. Began Sultan al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey build this castle in the year 882 AH and ended 884 years of building e. The reason for his interest in Alexandria frequent direct threats to Egypt by the Ottoman Empire, which threatened the Arab region Bosrhoukd care of the Mamluk Sultan al-Ghouri Qansuh castle Fsad of Jamitha and shipped arms.
This takes the form of the castle square with an area of 150 m * 130 m surrounded by the sea on three sides . It contains the castle on the walls and the main tower in the North West . Divided fences to fence indoor and outdoor . Valsor interior includes barracks and arms depots . The outer wall of the castle fitted with the bodies of the four defensive towers rise to the level of the fence with the exception of the eastern wall loss includes slots for defensive soldiers .
And take the main tower in the inner courtyard form of big castle square-shaped side length of 30 meters and a height of 17 meters and consists castle of three -storey square-shaped and are found in corners of the tower of the four towers, semi-circular ends of the top balcony prominent and these towers above the main tower includes slots for throwing darts at two levels The mosque occupies the first floor of the castle , which consists dish and four defensive iwans and corridors to allow soldiers to pass easily through the defense of the castle. , and this was the minaret of the mosque, but collapsed recently .
The second floor contains the corridors and halls and inner compartments . It features a large room on the third floor ( seat Sultan Qaat Bay) sits down to see the ships on a day's journey from Alexandria covered cellar cross Also located on this floor furnace for the preparation of bread made from wheat land as well as the mill to grind grain for the soldiers living in the castle. The new Sultan Qansuh Ghouri castle and increased the garrison of this castle has been neglected in the Ottoman occupation of Egypt . Castle Qaitbay established the fortress of Sultan Malik al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey Mahmoudi year 882 AH / 1477 AD place Mannar ancient Alexandria at the eastern tip of the island of Pharos in the late Mamluk state , which is about building a separate length of 60 meters and width of 50 meters , and the thickness of walls 4.5 meters .
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